പുതിയനിയമം വി. യോഹന്നാൻന്റെ സുവിശേഷം

(tUm. B³dWn tXdm¯v )

\memas¯ kphntijw F¶v km[mcWbmbn hnfn¡s¸Sp¶ tbml¶ms³d kphntijw aäv kphntij§fpambn«pÅ XmcXayImgvN¸mSn XnI¨pw hyXykvXamb Hcp kphntijambn«mWv IcpXs¸Sp¶Xv. AXpsImïpXs¶ BZnak` Cu kphntijs¯ 'A²ymXvanIkphntijw' (AeIvkmWv{Unbmbnse ¢a³dv) F¶mWv hntijn¸n¨ncp¶Xv. kam´ckphntij§fpambn XmcXays¸Sp¯pt¼mÄ hfsctbsd {]tXyIXIÄ Cu kphntij¯n Isï¯m\mhpsa¦nepw, ASnØm\]cambn aäp kphntij§fnse¶t]mse CXnepw 'kphntij kmlnXycq]w' Dsï¶pÅ hkvXpX {it²bamWv. AXmbXv, kam´ckphntij§fn ImWp¶t]mse tbiphns³d ]ckyPohnXhpw ]oUmkl\hpw acWhpw D°m\m\´c{]Xy£oIcWhpw kab{IahXvIrX cq]¯nepÅ hnhcWambn (Wn .eq¡m 1,3) CXnepw ImWs¸Sp¶pïv. AXpsImïv tbml¶ms³d IrXnbpw aäpÅht]mseXs¶ Hcp kphntijamWv. F¶m kphntij¯ns³d X\naIfmWv tbml¶ms³d aäv kphntijIcnÂ\n¶p hyXykvX\m¡p¶Xv.

tbml¶ms³d kphntij¯ns³d X\naIÄ

kam´ckphntij§fpambn XmcXays¸Sp¯pt¼mÄ Gähpw {it²bamb hyXymkw tbiphns³d Pdpktew tI{µoIrXamb {]hÀ¯\amWv. kam´ckphntij§f\pkcn¨v tbip {][m\ambpw KeoenbnemWv Xs³d {]hÀ¯\w \S¯p¶Xv . F¶m tbml¶ms³d kphntija\pkcn¨v tbip IÀ½\ncX\mIp¶Xv bqZbmbnÂ, {]tXyIn¨v AXns³d XeØm\amb PdpkteanÂ, BWv. AXpsImïv tbml¶ms³d kphntij¯n aäv kphntij§fn \n¶p hyXykvXamb Hcp `qan imkv{X{IahXv¡cWw ImWm³ km[n¡p¶p. Cu Pdpktew tI{µoIrX {]hÀ¯\ hnhcWw B \Kcs¯ Ipdn¨pÅ tbml¶ms³d ssZhimkv{Xho£W¯ns³d ^eamsW¶mWv \mw a\Ênemt¡ïXv. B ho£W¯ns³d `mKambn«pthWw tbiphns³d ]cky PohnX¯ns³d Bcw`hpw ImWphm³. tbip Xs³d ']cky PohnXw' Bcw`n¡p¶Xv PdpkteanemWv (tbml 2,13þ22) (2,13 \v ap¼pÅ `mKw AXmbXv, Im\mbnse IeymW hnhcWw AS§p¶ `mKhpw IqSn, ]ckyPohnX¯ns³d `mKambn«Ã, kphntij¯ns³d BapJambn«mWv kphntijI³ tcJs¸Sp¯p¶Xv F¶v ]n¶oSpÅ {]Xn]mZ\¯n \ap¡v ImWmw.) Pdpkteans\¡pdn¨pÅ tbiphns³d {]Ømh\Ifpw (tbml 4,20þ24,44) tbml¶ms³d Cu ssZhimkv{Xho£W¯n\v ap³Xq¡w Iq«p¶p. asämcp kphntijI\pw tbip C¯csamcp {]kvXmh\ (tbml 4,20þ24) \S¯p¶Xmbn tcJs¸Sp¯p¶nÃ.

asämcp kv]jvSamb hyXymkw tbiphns³d ]cky PohnX¯ns³d ssZÀLys¯¡pdn¨pÅXmWv. tbml¶ms³d kphntija\pkcn¨v 3 hÀj¯n IpdbmsXbpÅ Hcp ImeL«amWv tbiphns³d ]ckyPohnXw. AXmbXv, 3 hyXykvX s]klm¯ncp¶mÄ BtLmj§Ä tbiphns³d ]ckyPohnXIme¯v tcJs¸Sp¯p¶pïv (tbml 2,13 nn; 6,4 nn; 11,55nn ) s]klm¯ncp¶mÄ Hcp hÀj¯n Hcp {]mhiyw am{Xw BtLmjn¡p¶ Xncp\mfmIbmÂ, tbiphns³d ]ckyPohnXIme¯pÅ 3 s]klm¯ncp¶mfpIfpw ]ckyPohnX¯ns³d ssZÀLys¯ kqNn¸n¡p¶p. AXpt]mseXs¶ blqZXncp¶mfpIÄ A\pkvacn¡pIsb¶Xpw tbml¶ms³d {]tXyIXbmWv. s]klm¯ncp\mfn\p ]pdsa IqSmc¯ncp¶mÄ (tbml 7,3) kaÀ¸W¯ncp¶mÄ (tbml 10,22) F¶nhbpw {]Xn]mZn¡s¸Sp¶pïv. {][m\s¸« blqZ¯ncp¶mfpIfpsS ]Ým¯e¯nemWv tbiphns³d {]hÀ¯\w hnhcn¡s¸Sp¶Xv.

tbiphns³d PohnX¯nse kw`h§fpsS kab¸«nIbpw X\nabmÀ¶XmWv. kam´ckphntij§fpambn XmcXays¸Sp¯pt¼mÄ ]e kw`h§fpw hyXykvX kab¯v \S¡p¶Xmbn«mWv tcJs¸Sp¯p¶Xv. DZmlcWambn tZhmeb ip²oIcWw (tbml 2,13 ff) ]ckyPohnX¯ns³d Bcw`¯n \S¡p¶XmbmWv hnhcn¡p¶Xv. AXpt]mse Xs¶, tbiphns³d acWXobXn, A´ym¯mgw, ^cntkbcpsS KqUmtemN\ (tbml 11,47þ57 ) F¶nhcpsS kw`hkabw kam´ckphntijIcnÂ\n¶p hyXykvXamWv.

tbiphns³d AZv`pX§sf kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw, hfsc Ipd¨pam{Xta (7 F(r)w) tbml¶m³ {]Xn]mZn¡p¶pÅq. Ahbn ]eXns\ Ipdn¨pw kam´ckphntijIÀ H¶pw ]dbp¶nà (DZ; Im\mbnse AXv`pXw, emkdns³d DbÀ¸v XpS§nbh) tbiphns³d acp`qanbnse {]tem`\w, cq]m´coIcWw, ]cnip² IpÀ_m\bpsS Øm]\w F¶nhsbIpdn¨v tbml¶m³ \ni_vZ\mWv.

tbiphns³d {]hÀ¯\Øe§sf¡pdn¨v hfsc IrXyamb ]cnNbamWv \memw kphntijI³ ImWn¡p¶Xv. ]mekvXo\mbpsS `qanimkv{Xw {KÙImc\v hfsc ]cnNbapÅXmbn«mWv Øe§fpsS hnhcW¯nÂ\n¶p a\Ênem¡p¶Xv. _Ym\nb tPmÀ±ms³d adpIcbnemsW¶pw (tbml 1: 28; 10:40), _ÕbvZm ]oent¸mknt³dbpw A{´tbmknt³dbpw ]«WamsW¶pw (tbml 1,44 ), Im\m KeoenbnemsW¶pw (tbml 2:1þ11;4:46) At±l¯n\v Adnbmw. kmenan\Sp¯v Gt\m³ F¶ ØeapÅXmbpw (tbml 3, 23), Pdpktean\Sp¯pÅ t_ÕbvZm F¶p hnfn¡p¶ Ipf¯n\v 5 aWvU]§Ä DÅXmbpw Pdpktean koteml IpfapÅXmbpw (tbml 9:7þ11) {]t¯mdnb¯n\p kao]apÅ Kºm¯ F¶p hnfn¡s¸Sp¶ I¯fapÅXmbpw (tbml 18: 28; 19: 13) Hs¡ kphntijI\v Andhpïv.

C{Xsbms¡ hyXykvXXbpw X\nabpamÀ¶ \memw kphntijw kam´c kphntij§sf ]qÀ¯nbm¡mt\m (AeIvkmWv{Unbmbnse s¢a³dv, HcnP³, F¸n^m\n¡kv, hn.AKkvän³) ]n¶nem¡mt\m amämt\m cNn¨XmWv F¶v Nn´n¡p¶Xn {]tXyI \ymboIcWsam¶panÃ. kam´ckphntij§fpambn A¯c¯nepÅ Hcp _Ôw, AhbpambpÅ ]cnNbw Bhiys¸Sp¶pïv. B ]cnNbw kam´ckphntj§fn \n¶pÅ hyXymk§Ä¡v hniZoIcWw ZpjvIcam¡p¶p.

tbml¶ms³d kphntijhpw kam´c kphntij§fpw.

tbml¶ms³d kphntijw kam´c kphntij§fpambn XmcXays¸Sp¯pt¼mÄ cïpXc¯nepÅ hyXymk§fmWv ImWn¡p¶Xv. H¶maXmbn, tbml¶m³ am{Xw Xcp¶ Nne `mK§fpïv; B `mK§tfbpw kw`h§tfbpw Ipdn¨v kam´c kphntijIÀ H¶pw ]dbp¶nà (DZ: Im\m kw`hhpw, kacnb³ kw`hhpw). AtXkabw kam´c kphntijIÀ tcJs¸Sp¯p¶ ]eXpw tbml¶m³ tcJs¸Sp¯p¶pïv (DZ: kv\m]I tbml¶ms\¡pdn¨pÅ `mK§Ä, tbiphns\ kztZi¯v AhKWn¡p¶Xns\¡pdn¨pÅ hN\§Ä). kam´c kphntijIscm¯v s]mXphmbntcJs¸Sp¯p¶ Imcy§fnÂt]mepw tbml¶m³ hyXykvX\mWv. kam´c kphntijI³ kv\m]Itbml¶ms\ tbiphns³d apt¶mSnbmbn Nn{XoIcn¡pt¼mÄ, \memw kphntijI³ kv\m]Is\ tbiphns³d km£nbmbn«mWv AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xv. kam´c kphntijIsc kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw tbiphns³d P·\msS¶p kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv \{k¯msW¦nÂ, tbml¶m³ P·\m«nse AhKW\ Pdptkepans³d ]Ým¯e¯nemWv tcJs¸Sp¯p¶Xv. C¯c¯nepÅ hyXymk§Ä Hcp Imcyw hyàam¡p¶pïv. kam´c (enJnX) kphntij§sf B{ibn¨psImïà tbml¶m³ kphntijw FgpXnbXv. tbml¶m\v kzX{´ambXpw X\XmbXpamb ]mc¼cyapïv. ]gb\nba D²cWnIfpsS Imcy¯nÂt]mepw tbml¶m³ kam´c kphntij§fpambn A£cw{]Xn tbmPn¡p¶nÃ. AXpsImïv tbml¶m³ kam´c kphntij§sf ]qÀ¯nbm¡mt\m, Xncp¯mt\m FgpXnbXà Xs³d kphntijw Xs³d X\Xmb ssZhimkv{X ho£Whpw kzmX{´yamb ]mc¼cyhpw, {InkvXphnPvRm\obhpamWv Cu hn[¯n Xs³d kphntijw cNn¡m³ At±ls¯ t{]cn¸n¨Xv. XoÀ¨bmbpw tbipkw`hs¯¡pdn¨pÅ A¸kvtXmenI ]mc¼cy¯ns³d BZyL«¯n FÃmw Htct{kmXÊnÂXs¶ sNs¶¯nbncn¡p¶p.

kphntij¯ns³d Dt±iyw

{InkvXp hnPvRm\obamWv Xs³d kphntij¯ns³d Dt±iysa¶v {]Xy£ambpw ]tcm£ambpw tbml¶m³]dbp¶pïv. kphntijw D]kwlcn¡p¶Xv Cu Dt±iyw Gäp]dªpsImïmWv. '..... tbipssZh]p{X\mb {InkvXphmsW¶v \n§Ä hnizkn¡p¶Xn\pw A§s\ hnizkn¡pI\nan¯w \n§Ä¡v A§s\ hnizkn¡pI \nan¯w \n§Ä¡v Ahs³d \ma¯n (\nXy) Poh³ DïmIp¶Xn\pw thïnbmWv.' (tbml 20, 31). tbip BcmsW¶v Adnbp¶Xn\pw AXpaqew tbiphn hnizkn¡p¶Xn\pw tbiphnepÅ hnizmkw BgapÅXm¡p¶Xn\pw thïnbmWv {KÙImc³ Xs³d {KÙw cNn¨Xv. Cu Dt±iyw (hnizmk¯nte¡v sImïphcm\pw hnizmk¯n hfÀ¯m\pw) km[yam¡p¶Xn\pÅ hyXykvXImcy§Ä hmb\¡mcpsS {i²bn sImïphcp¶pïv. AhsbÃmw {InkvXphns³d hyànXz¯nte¡p shfn¨w hoip¶hbmWv.

1. kv\m]Itbml¶m\pw tbiphpw X½nepÅ XmcXay{]Xn]mZ\w \memw kphntijI³ sImïphcp¶Xv, tbiphmWv {InkvXp AÃmsX kv\m]Itbml¶m\à F¶v kaÀ°n¡m³ thïnbmWv. CXv kv\m]Is³d hm¡pIÄ D±cn¨psImïpw AÃmsXbpw kphntij¯n hyàam¡p¶p. (tbml 1: 8þ9, 15:20, 30; 3:22þ30; 5:30: 10 : 41þ42). tbip{]ImiamWv, tbml¶m³ B {]Imi¯n\v km£nam{XamWv. tbip BZnapX DÅh³, kv\m]I³ km£y¯n\mbn ssZhw Ab¨ a\pjy³.

2. {InkvXphmb tbip ]gb\nbaw hmKvZm\w sNbvXncp¶Xpw Nqïn¡mWn¨Xpamb aninlbmWv (tbml 1: 45; 5:40, 46). CXv blqZtcmSpÅ kwhmZ¯n\pw AhtcmSv kaÀ°n¡m\pw thïn sN¿p¶Xpt]mse tXm¶p¶p. AXpsImïv tbml¶m³ ]dbp¶Xv, tbip shdpsamcp c£I\öpw ({Ko¡v `mjbn {InkvtXmkv F¶ hm¡ns³d AÀ°¯nÂ), adn¨v, ]gb\nbahpw AXn \n¶pcp¯ncnbp¶ blqZ]mc¼cyhpw Nqïn¡mWn¡p¶ hyànbmsW¶pamWv (tbml 1,41). aninlm F¶ hm¡v AXns³d lo{_p aqe¯n \evInsImïv tbml¶m³ Cu hkvXpXbv¡v ASnhcbnSp¶p (tbml 1,41;4,25). aninlmsb¶hm¡v Gähpw IqSpX D]tbmKn¡p¶Xpw tbml¶m\mWv. AXpt]mse Xs¶ aninlmbpsS Nne ]gb\nba (bqlZ) \ma§Ä XncsªSp¡s¸«hÀ (tbml 1, 34) C{ktbens³d cmPmhv (tbml 1,49; 12, 14), ssZh¯ns³d ]cnip²³ (tbml 6,69)þ D]tbmKn¨psImïv Cu Nn´¡p ap³Xq¡w sImSp¡p¶p. CXns³d Dt±iyw asäm¶paÃ; ]mekvXo\mbpsS ]pd¯pw aäpw Pohn¡p¶ blqZscbpw blqZ {InkvXym\nIsfbpw (tbml 9,22; 12, 42; 16,2), tbiphnepÅ hnizmk¯nte¡v £Wn¡m³ thïnbmWv.

3. tbiphns³d hyànXzs¯¡pdn¨pÅ Bib¯n\v A]ISIcambncp¶Xv Nne BZna ]mjWvUXIfmWv. cïmw \qämïn sNs¶¯p¶ Hcp ]mc¼cya\pkcn¨v (k`m ]nXmhmb CctWhqkv) tbml¶m³ kphntijw cNn¨v Nne ]mjWvUXIÄ Xncp¯m\mbncp¶p. sZmt¨¯nkw (AZamqKtk) F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ ]mjWvUX tbiphns³d a\pjyhXmct¯bpw IqZmiIsfbpw {]tXyIn¨v IpÀ_m\sbbpw \ntj[n¨ncp¶p. tbml 1,14; 19, 24; 6,51þ58 F¶nhbnepÅ {]kvXmh\IÄ tbiphns³d hyànXz¯ns³d ta Btcm]n¡s¸« Cu A]mIXIÄ amäm\pÅ Dt±iyw IqSn DÄs¡mïncn¡p¶p.

A§s\ t\m¡pt¼mÄ, Cu kphntij¯ns³d Dt±iyw a\pjy\mbn AhXcn¨ (tbml 1,14) tbip {InkvXphnepÅ hnizmkw Dfhm¡pIbpw AXv Bgs¸Sp¯pIbpw sN¿pI F¶XmWv. AXpsImïmWv {InkvXp hnPvRm\obamWv bYmÀ°¯n kphntij¯ns³d DÅS¡hpw Dt±ihpambn \nesImÅp¶Xv F¶p]dbp¶Xv.

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